Reason
Reason is the capacity for consciously making sense of
and changing or justifying practices, institutions, and
associated with such characteristically human activities
and is normally considered to be a definitive
characteristic of human nature. Reason, or an aspect of
it, is sometimes referred to as rationality.
intellect. Reasoning may be subdivided into forms of
logical reasoning (forms associated with the strict sense):
reasoning; and other modes of reasoning considered
more informal, such as intuitive reasoning and verbal
reasoning. Along these lines, a distinction is often
drawn between discursive reason, reason proper,
however valid—tends toward the personal and the
opaque. Although in many social and political settings
logical and intuitive modes of reason may clash, in
others contexts, intuition and formal reason are seen
as complementary, rather than adversarial as, for
example, in mathematics, where intuition is often a
necessary building block in the creative process of
achieving the hardest form of reason, a formal proof.
Reason, like habit or intuition, is one of the ways by
which thinking comes from one idea to a related idea.
For example, it is the means by which rational beings
understand themselves to think about cause and
It is also closely identified with the ability to self-
institutions, and therefore with the capacity for freedom
and self-determination.
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